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What Constitutes the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad

There are three types of Sunnah as understood in usoolul-fiqh

1. Sunnatil-qawliyyah (a stated sunnah said by the Messenger of Allah verbatim)

The sayings of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ are called "Sunnah Qawliyyah". 
The term "Hadith" generally stands as synonymous with this type of Sunnah, since the sayings of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) are noted down by the companions and called "Hadith". However, ahadeeth contain more than just qawliyyah

2. Sunnatil-fi'iliyyah (a sunnah established through the actions [deeds] of the Messenger ﷺ)

The actions of the beloved Prophet Muhammad ﷺ are called "Sunnah al-Fiiliyyah". This type of Sunnah includes both religious and worldly actions. 

When it comes to religious actions directly linked with worship, these sunnan are binding and hold the legal status of mandatory. However the fi'iliyyah sunnan that are reported that are of worldly actions, are not considered as mandatory in the legal sense, but most of the time they are mustahab or they are simply mubah (allowable). Sometimes it could be makrooh depending on the specifics of a particular atmosphere whether it be social or political, and in mino cases, it could be illegal to perform. 

A specific type of sunnan under fi'iliyyah is those which are restricted to the Prophet ﷺ like for example marrying more than 4 wives.

3. Sunnatu-taqreeriyyah (sunnan established through implicitness)

Sunnah taqreeriyyah comprises the approvals of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ  regarding the actions of the Companions by his remaining silent or appreciating them. 

This type of Sunnah of (Prophetic approval) may occur in two different ways: 

1.When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ kept silent for an action and not opposed it. 

2. When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ showed his pleasure and smiled for a Companion's action. 


(al-Muwafaqat, Afal al-Rasul)

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